In this work, applicability of Particle in Cell-Monte Carlo Collisions (PICMCC) simulation method for better understanding of the PLASMA physical mechanisms and real important aspects of a PLASMA column driven by SURFACE WAVE PLASMA DISCHARGES that is used in PLASMA antennas is examined. Via the implementation of geometry and physical parameters of the PLASMA column to an Object Oriented PIC-MCC code, the PLASMA density, electrical conductivity, PLASMA kinetic energy and electric field inside the PLASMA column as its essential properties are obtained. The gas within the PLASMA column is taken to be argon which is kept at the low operational background pressures. The radial increasing and axial decreasing of the electric field in the PLASMA column is observed. Moreover, the PLASMA density reduces radially, while it is maximized along the axial positions. It is seen that, the density of charged particles and their corresponding current densities are maximized at the positions closer to the SURFACE WAVE launcher.

The dominant procedure for the transmission of electromagnetic WAVEs on an over-dense PLASMA layer is the excitation of SURFACE WAVEs. The conditions for this WAVE excitation on the SURFACE of over-dense PLASMA, hence, become important. Here, the dispersion relation for the SURFACE WAVE excitation on an over-dense PLASMA medium which is exposed to a magnetic field is studied. These investigations lead to the condition required for producing the SURFACE WAVEs. By this dispersion condition, an analytical function for the WAVE vector in terms of the phase velocity and the cyclotron and collision frequencies is established. Specifically, the outgoings of these dependencies and also the condition for exciting more stable WAVEs are discussed.

This theoretical study examines the characteristics of a SURFACE WAVE driven PLASMA monopole antenna using finite difference time domain method (FDTD) as well as commercial full WAVE simulator. The results show that the full WAVE simulator can be considered as an acceptable tool in simulation of a PLASMA antenna. Input impedance, radiation pattern, gain, efficiency and radar cross section of PLASMA antenna at PLASMA and collision frequency values are presented here using FDTD numerical method. Comparison between the achieved results with a conventional metallic antenna shows that the PLASMA antenna is an acceptable radiation tool in the first resonant region and can provide a dynamically reconfigurable antenna.

In this research a large-area SURFACE-WAVE slot antenna microWAVE PLASMA source was designed and fabricated. Using a slot antenna excitation configuration, the design procedure of such source was based on producing flat uniform cylindrical PLASMA by launching a microWAVE at fixed frequency of 2.45GHz with a variable power up to 850W on a dielectric window. The Large time-stable PLASMA could be sustained in a relatively large SURFACE (500CM2) with an approximated PLASMA density of almost 2´1017CM2. A new tuning system for matching the impedance of the microWAVE coupler to the PLASMA chamber with the impedance of the WAVEguide was devised and utilized. Furthermore, on the basis of its equivalent circuit the algorithm for impedance matching is obtained. In addition, the vacuum (PLASMA) chamber has a totally uniform gas distribution system with circular symmetry to ensure the uniformity of the PLASMA, and also a movable substrate holder with a water cooling system that would make diverse wafer processes in PLASMA processing technology possible. The configuration was simulated with CST MicroWAVE Studio and FDTD code. The fabricated mechanical model and results of simulations are presented.

A new mechanism for the acceleration and production of ions in Z-pinch DISCHARGES, especially PLASMA focus is presented. Previously, Yousefi et al. [Phys. PLASMA 13, 114506 (2006)] studied the multiple compression and pinch mechanism; they reported that this event can be attributed to the (m=0) type instability, while the subsequent ion and neutron acceleration mechanism was not reported. C ontinuing from previous work, Mizuguchi et al. [Phys.PLASMA 14, 032704 (2007)] studied the simulation of high-energy proton production, generated by shock WAVEs in pinch PLASMA discharge, by use of a 2D relativistic and fully electromagnetic particle-in-cell code. It was found that protons trapped in the electrostatic potential produced near the shock front, can be accelerated to a few Mev by the surfatron acceleration mechanism. On the other hand, the ring-shape of ion bunches, which is in good agreement with the experimental results, were shown. Now we report another acceleration mechanism for subsequent ion production, which differs from the m=0 instabilities caused by the surfatron acceleration mechanism.

PLASMA gliding-arc DISCHARGES is a non-equilibrium PLASMA that has many applications in research and industrial laboratories. Gliding PLASMA can be hot or cold PLASMA depending on the discharge power and gas flow rate, which leads to its various applications such as disinfection of fruits and vegetables, elimination of pollutant gases, increasing the staining of plastic SURFACEs. PLASMA has been formed of ions, high-energy electrons, UV rays, and oxidants such as free radicals. In gliding reactors, a high voltage electrical discharge is applied between the two electrodes. Various species produced in PLASMA, including high-energy electrons, are effective in destroying and altering the atomic structure of copper electrodes. Changes in the structure of the electrodes in the long run will cause changes in temperature, density, and the type of species formed in the PLASMA. Therefore, in order to replace the reactor electrodes in a timely manner, it is necessary to evaluate the amount of structural changes in the electrodes over time. In this paper, changes in the structure of copper electrodes with a thickness of 4 mm and an effective length of 10 cm, which was used in a gliding arc research reactor for 80 hours to evaluate the effect of produced PLASMA on decontamination of agricultural products by the positron annihilation life-time spectroscopy has been investigated as a non-destructive test. The results show that the distance between the layers in the copper lattice has changed and the empty space between the atomic lattices has decreased and their number has increased.

Underwater vehicles in industrial applications, have various control SURFACEs for stability, maneuverability, gudance and control. These control SURFACEs affect the body hydrodynamic characteristics, including the resistance forces and the form of the generated WAVE due to the motion of the vehicle near the free SURFACE. In this paper the effect of a vertical control SURFACE on the hydrodynamic characteristics of an underwater vehicle near free SURFACE is studied using Boundary Element Method.Results, including characteristics of free SURFACE WAVE, pressure coefficient and WAVE resistance are calculated for Froude numbers in the range of 0.1-0.5 and non dimensional submergence depths of 1.25, 2.25, 3.5 & 4.5 for the bare model and model with control SURFACE. Comparing BEM and experimental results shows the discrepancy of less than 3% for maximum free SURFACE WAVE height and 17% for WAVE resistance. Predicted results indicates that control SURFACE causes an increase of about 13% in maximum free SURFACE WAVE height and 16% in WAVE resistance. This increment is due to the interaction of the main body with control SURFACE and also direct relation of WAVE resistance with free SURFACE WAVE height.

A linearized relativistic field theory of a PLASMA-loaded helix traveling-WAVE tube is presented for a configuration where a solid electron beam propagate through a sheath helix enclosed within a loss-free wall in which the gap between the helix and the outer wall is filled with a dielectric. Numerical study of the effect of PLASMA density on the phase velocity and growth rate has been done. Numerical results show that the PLASMA have different behaviors in different density limits.